In a PCR reaction, a few seconds at high temperature disrupts the ____ that hold the two strands of DNA together, so
every molecule of DNA unwinds and becomes single-stranded.
a. covalent bonds
b. peptide bonds
c. hydrogen bonds
d. lipoproteins
e. DNA ligases
ANSWER: c
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Compared with a smaller cell, a larger cell of the same shape has _____
A) less surface area B) less surface area per unit of volume C) the same surface-area-to-volume ratio D) a smaller average distance between its mitochondria and the external source of oxygen E) a smaller cytoplasm-to-nucleus ratio
Which statement is true?
a. Long-term energy storage, such as body fat reserves for hibernation, do not factor into a species’ energy budget. b. A species’ life history is determined entirely by natural selection and the inheritance of genetic material. c. All organisms must balance the energy they expend on activities with energy intake from diet or photosynthesis. d. Increased fecundity corresponds to an increased energy budget for most animals.
Mitochondria in algae are thought to have arisen from which source?
A. cyanobacteria B. anaerobic bacteria C. photosynthetic viruses D. aerobic bacteria E. Algae lack mitochondria.
Which of the following is a correct list of the types of plasmids that bacteria can carry?
a. metabolic plasmids, resistance plasmids, and virulence plasmids b. metabolic plasmids, resistance plasmids, virulence plasmids, replication plasmids, conjugation plasmids, transduction plasmids, and transformation plasmids e. metabolic plasmids, replication plasmids, and virulence plasmids