The minimal lethal concentration (MLC) is the
A. lowest concentration of a drug that kills a particular pathogen.
B. highest concentration of a drug that kills a particular pathogen.
C. lowest concentration of a drug that prevents growth of a particular pathogen.
D. highest concentration of a drug that prevents growth of a particular pathogen.
Answer: A
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The complement system functions to ____ and ____
a. mobilize B cells; initiate antibody production b. help the innate immune system; turn on expression of T-cell receptor protein genes c. destroy invading cells; provide a physical barrier against pathogens d. destroy invading cells; guide phagocytes to the infection site e. destroy viruses; guide phagocytes to the site of inflammation
The reason that starvation during prenatal development raises the risk for cardiovascular and metabolic problems in adulthood is that
A) starvation before birth and cardiovascular and metabolic disorders are all caused by a single mutation. B) metabolism in the fetus shifts to preserve vital organs, accelerating weight gain in childhood. C) lack of nutrients damages the heart in the uterus. D) the child remembers the lack of nutrition in the uterus and eats too much.
How are temperature sensitive mutants used to determine when genes act during development?
A) Embryos can be shifted to the restrictive temperature to inactivate the mutant gene and the effect of inactivation on subsequent stages can be observed. B) Embryos can be shifted to the permissive temperature to inactivate the mutant gene and the effect of inactivation on subsequent stages observed. C) Embryos can be incubated at the restrictive temperature for several hours. If the embryo develops normally, then the gene product is required during that period of development. D) Embryos can be raised at the permissive temperature and if the embryo does not die, then the gene product is not required for development.
An anticodon
a. is a three-base sequence of nucleotides on tRNA. b. is produced by translation of RNA. c. has the same base sequence as does the codon. d. is the same as a gene.