Human babies and animals adapted to the cold are able to maintain their body temperatures because of the presence of brown fat. The mitochondria in brown fat have a protein in them called thermogenin, which allows the flow of hydrogen ions back through
the inner mitochondrial membrane (bypassing the ATP synthase). Based on this and your understanding of cellular respiration, propose a mechanism by which brown fat helps keep babies and other animals warm.
What will be an ideal response?
The hydrogen ion gradient stores energy, and that energy is used to drive ATP synthesis when the hydrogen ions flow through the ATP synthase. If the ions leak back through the inner membrane, that energy cannot be used to make ATP and instead is lost as heat.
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Which of the following statements is true?
a. The fossil record supports Cuvier’s theory of catastrophism. b. According to the theory of catastrophism, more species were alive at the beginning of the world than are now present. c. According to the theory of catastrophism, new species developed out of the survivors of the catastrophes. d. The theory of catastrophism was based upon observable responses that organisms made to catastrophes. e. According to catastrophism there were several distinct periods of creation following each catastrophe.
Which of the following layers forms the outer
covering of the gastrointestinal tract? a. serosa b. mucosa c. conjunctiva d. muscle layer e. submucosa
In cocker spaniels, black coat color (B) is dominant over red (b), and solid color (S) is dominant over
spotted (s). If a red male was crossed with a black female to produce a red, spotted puppy, the genotypes of the parents (with male genotype first) would be a. Bb Ss ? Bb Ss. b. bb Ss ? Bb Ss. c. bb ss ? Bb Ss. d. bb Ss ? Bb ss. e. Bb ss ? Bb ss.
In science, theories tend to be _____ than hypothesis
a) more speculative b) less scientific c) broader in scope d) more experimental e) more empirical