Describe two monocular pictorial depth cues and two binocular cues for depth perception. Explain why we have two different types of cues for depth.
What will be an ideal response?
A good answer will include the following key points:
1. Monocular cues: The pictorial monocular depth cues include overlap, texture, linear perspective, light and shadow, and aerial perspective. These depth cues are used by artists to show depth in their pictures. Overlap describes closer objects blocking parts of objects farther away. Texture describes the ability to see textural details of objects that are close to us, but we lose the detailed textural information as they move farther away. The monocular depth cue of linear perspective shows depth as parallel lines converging as they get farther away. Light and shadows indicate if objects are projecting toward us or away from us. Objects that are illuminated from above appear to be projecting toward us, and objects that are illuminated from below appear to be pointing away from us. Aerial perspective gives us information about the distance of objects because of the clarity and color of the image. Objects that are farther away appear bluish and less clear than those that are close. For example, mountains appear bluish in the distance.
2. Binocular cues: The first cue is convergence, which involves the muscles of the eye causing rotation of the eyes inward or outward as an object is closer or farther away, respectively. The second cue of stereopsis is the combination of two different views of the world, each coming from a different eye.
3. The monocular cues rely on only one eye to perceive depth, and use cues such as size shading overlap, and motion. The binocular depth cues require two eyes to see depth, and use cues such as muscular tension in the eyes and the merging of slightly different images from each eye. The reason we have two different categories of depth cues is to have redundancy in the system. If we did not for some reason have binocular vision, we would still be able to judge depth with the use of monocular depth cues.
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