A child wants to build a bridge between two chairs for toy cars to drive over. The child tries four different ways of connecting wooden blocks before finding a method that works. The next time the child plays with the cars, the child builds a bridge in the same way that was successful the previous time. Which of the following assumptions of most information-processing approaches is this child illustrating?
a. Precise analysis of change mechanisms is essential for growth.
b. Change is produced by a process of continuous self-modification.
c. Knowledge should be characterized in great detail.
d. Thinking is limited in terms of the amount of information that can be attended to simultaneously.
b. Change is produced by a process of continuous self-modification.
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Five-year-old Jonah likes to play a scrabble-like game on the family computer. He plays against other family members, and usually does pretty well. When he gets a list of letter tiles that are too difficult for him to use, he asks his mother and father for help. The difference between letter tiles that Jonah can use and letter tiles with which he needs help typifies what Vygotsky called the zone
of ____ development. a. assisted b. distal c. proximal d. located
Prereflective thinkers tend to assume that ________
a. some things can never be known with certainty. b. all opinions are created equal. c. a correct answer always exists. d. some judgments are more valid than others.
By the end of the first trimester, the fetus weighs 0.5 ounce and is approximately ____ inches long
a. 2 c. 4 b. 3 d. 5
The psychoactive effect of smoking cannabis is due to the action of ________ on the brain
a. codeine b. THC c. Valium d. PCP e. opium