Since memory may have gaps due to encoding problems, the brain fills in with ____________________ memories of how things are supposed to happen
a. memory-hardening c. faked
b. scripted d. closure
b
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Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1.During the Era of Enlightenment, Beccaria and Bentham focused on eliminating the tyrannical nature of criminal law—where they advocated on the side of the victim (the powerless), from the indifference and ignorance of the rich and powerful. 2.The first international symposium on victimology was held in 1957, in the United Kingdom, in mutual cooperation with the United States over the concern for victims. 3.At the third international symposium on victimology, in 1979 in Germany, the World Society of Victimology (WSV) was founded. 4.The aim of the Declaration of Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power in 1985 has been to improve victims’ access to justice, fair treatment, restitution, compensation, and support, as well as taking steps to prevent victimization linked to the abuse of power. 5.For those African Americans who were brave enough to report their victimizations to law enforcement during the 1950s and 1960s civil rights movement, the treatment given to them was equal to that of their White counterparts, further confusing the need for more compassionate and humane approaches to the problems of those fighting for equality.
Freda Adler and Rita Simon proposed that increases in which area would cause increases in women engaging in criminal behavior?
A. birth rates B. economic opportunity C. marriage rates D. property ownership
_______ focus on the actor and whether the actor fulfilled the elements required for being held responsible under a criminal statute.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
During the 1980s and 1990s, many large correctional and community supervision agencies adopted new policies that were known as a:
a. rehabilitation management system. b. reformation management system. c. risk management system. d. strategic management system.