A nurse is providing an informative session to a local civic group. The nurse shows an understanding of the disorder when describing Alzheimer's disease (AD) as:
1. A disease process that starts by affecting a person's memory and progresses toward the loss of reasoning abilities.
2. A form of dementia that is caused by a lack of a brain chemical.
3. The central nervous system is unpredictably affected, resulting in a loss of communication and motor skills.
4. The person's own immune system attacks the cells of the body.
A disease process that starts by affecting a person's memory and progresses toward the loss of reasoning abilities.
Rationale: The onset of Alzheimer's disease begins with subtle lapses of memory, which gradually and progressively develops into a chronic loss of personality, recognition, reasoning, and independence. Parkinson's disease is a movement disorder resulting from a dopamine deficiency; dementia occurs in 15% to 20% of cases. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system that is an unpredictable condition that can be relatively benign, disabling, or devastating, leaving the patient unable to speak, walk, or write. Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune reaction that results from a malfunction in the immune system in which the body produces auto-antibodies that attack specific receptors located on the surface of muscle cells.
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