In the context of the substages of the sensorimotor stage in the Piagetian approach to cognitive development, which of the following is a characteristic of the first substage?
A. Neonates practice their reflexes.
B. Neonates begin to turn toward sounds.
C. Neonates begin to experiment to see what will happen.
D. Neonates learn to purposely repeat pleasant actions first achieved by chance.
Answer: A
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The research on the biological basis of sexual orientation has been criticized because
a. it uses self-report to establish the research participants' sexual orientation. b. it cannot explain why 75% of the identical twins did not share the same sexual orientation. c. much of the research generalizes from lesbians, in order to draw conclusions about gay men and bisexuals. d. researchers have not paid enough attention to sexual behaviors in nonhuman animals.
Given Max Ringelmann's early research looking at group size and individual effort, should we expect Student X to put in a different amount of effort depending on whether she worked on a history project in a five-person group rather than a two-person group?
a. Yes, we should expect her to work harder in the five-person group. b. Yes, we should expect her to work harder in the two-person group. c. No, we should expect her to work equally hard in both groups. d. It is impossible to say; it appears group size effects depend on other variables.
The first thing to do in order to build your self-esteem is
a. to recognize that you control your self-image. b. set higher goals. c. take other people's advice on setting your goals. d. face up to your role in your failures.
After the tornado destroyed most of the town and killed over 100 people, counselors came in to help the survivors and rescue workers cope. Some counselors just let the people talk about their experiences. Based on Pennebaker's research, this procedure was probably:
a. helpful; talking about troubles leads to better coping and less stress b. harmful; trauma victims always need intense psychotherapy c. harmful; talking just reopens the wounds so that they are slower to heal d. neutral; talking doesn't hurt, but it doesn't help, either