Which one of the following is an example of divergence?
A. Signals in the neural pathway that leads to contraction of the hip flexor muscles when a painful stimulus is applied to the toe
B. Integration of taste and smell information in the temporal lobe
C. Multiple different cells synapsing with a single neuron in the spinal cord
D. All of the above
ANS: A
Rationale: Convergence is the process during which multiple inputs from a variety of neurons are integrated into a single neuron, whereas divergence is the process during which a single neuron communicates with multiple other neurons. The integration of multiple sensory inputs by the cerebral cortex is an example of convergence; conversely, an example of divergence is the stimulation of a single sensory neuron evoking a withdrawal reflex in a large group of muscle cells.
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