Compare and contrast horizontal and vertical channel integration.
What will be an ideal response?
Vertical channel integration combines two or more stages of the channel under one management. This may occur when one member of a marketing channel purchases the operations of another member, or simply performs the functions of another member, eliminating the need for that intermediary. Vertical channel integration represents a more progressive approach to distribution in which channel members become extensions of one another as they are combined under a single management. Combining organizations at the same level of operation under one management constitutes horizontal channel integration. An organization may integrate horizontally by merging with other organizations at the same level in the marketing channel. Although horizontal integration permits efficiencies and economies of scale in purchasing, marketing research, advertising, and specialized personnel, it is not always the most effective method of improving distribution.
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