Discuss the modes of heat transfer that determine the equilibrium temperature of the space shuttle Endeavor when it is in orbit. What happens when it reenters the earth’s atmosphere?
GIVEN
- Space shuttle Endeavor in orbit
- Space shuttle Endeavor during reentry
FIND
(a) Modes of heat transfer
SKETCH
Heat generated internally will have to be rejected to the skin of the shuttle or to some type of radiator
heat exchanger exposed to space. The internal loads that are not rejected actively, i.e., by a heat
exchanger, will be transferred to the internal surface of the shuttle by radiation and convection,
transferred by conduction through the skin, then radiated to space. These two paths of heat transfer
must be sufficient to ensure that the interior is maintained at a comfortable working temperature.
During reentry, the exterior surface of the shuttle will be exposed to a heat flux that results from
frictional heating by the atmosphere. In this case, it is likely that the net heat flow will be into the
space shuttle. The thermal design must be such that during reentry the interior temperature does not
exceed some safe value
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a.
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b.
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c.
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