The nurse is caring for a an infant age 11 months. The infant's mother tells states that when she asked the doctor about starting to toilet train her child, the doctor talked about cephalocaudal development
The mother then asks for an explanation of this term. Which of the following about cephalocaudal development is the nurse's best reply?
A) Proceeds from brain down to feet
B) Both sides of the body develop equally
C) Brain must fully develop before toilet training
D) Gross control to fine control
Ans: A
Cephalocaudal (proceeding from head to tail) development is the first trend, with the head and brain developing first, followed by the trunk, legs, and feet. The second trend is proximodistal development, which means that growth progresses from gross motor movements (such as learning to lift one's head) to fine motor movements (such as learning to pick up a toy with the fingers). The last trend is symmetric development of the body, with both sides of the body developing equally.
You might also like to view...
The nurse providing care to a 36-year-old patient who has been diagnosed with squamous cell lung cancer is aware that the preferred method of treating patients with non-small cell tumors is:
A) Chemotherapy B) Radiation C) Surgical resection D) Bronchoscopic opening of the airway
During a flu shot clinic, one of the questions the student nurse asks relates to whether the patient has had Guillain-Barré syndrome in his medical history. The patient asks, "What is that?"
How should the nursing student reply? A) "A type of paralysis that affects movement on both sides of the body that may even involve the respiratory muscles" B) "Swelling of your arm where you got your flu shot, and maybe your eyes and lips had some swelling as well" C) "A degenerative disease where you have trouble walking without the help of a cane or walker" D) "Influenza-like illness where you had fever and chills for 2 to 3 days after your last flu shot"
A patient tells the nurse that he had made some decisions about his care when he thought he was going to die, but now that he knows he isn't, he wants all possible medical treatment. Which nursing action is indicated?
1. Tell the patient that he cannot change is mind or treatment plan. 2. Change the patient's classification in the medical record. 3. Contact social services to discuss the change in plans. 4. Contact the health care provider for the patient to discuss the patient's decision.
What intervention should the nurse teach the client to obtain relief from pruritus?
A. "Avoid activities and environments that increase perspiration." B. "Drinking alcoholic beverages will decrease stimulation of the itch receptors." C. "Wear tight, warm clothing to restrict airflow to the areas and decrease stimula-tion of the itch receptors." D. "Avoid immersing the affected areas in water by taking sponge baths instead of showers or tub baths."