Explain the functions of parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and vitamin D in the regulation of calcium metabolism
What will be an ideal response?
Calcium homeostasis involves a system of hormones and vitamin D. Whenever blood calcium falls too low or rises too high, three organ systems respond: the intestines, bones, and kidneys, and vitamin D and two hormones—parathyroid hormone and calcitonin—return blood calcium to normal.
Parathyroid hormone
Stimulates the activation of vitamin D
Stimulates calcium reabsorption from the kidneys into the blood
Stimulates osteoclast cells to break down bone, releasing calcium into the blood
Vitamin D
Stimulates calcium reabsorption from the kidneys into the blood.
Enhances calcium absorption in the intestines
Stimulates osteoclast cells to break down bone, releasing calcium into the blood
Calcitonin
Inhibits the activation of vitamin D
Prevents calcium reabsorption in the kidneys
Limits calcium absorption in the intestines
Inhibits osteoclast cells from breaking down bone, preventing the release of calcium
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