Which vitamin is required by the enzyme that converts pyruvate to oxaloacetate, a key step in gluconeogenesis?
a. Thiamin
b. Niacin
c. Biotin
d. Vitamin B12
c
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Genomics research may be helpful in all of these areas except:
a. fine-tuning nutrient recommendations for individuals. b. establishing indicators of nutrient status for some minerals. c. understanding how nutrient deficiencies may alter gene expression. d. determining environmental factors that may influence disease risk.
What is the mechanism by which Olestra (Olean?) works?
a. Cannot be absorbed because of its chemical structure b. Cannot be metabolized because of its chemical structure c. Cannot be stored in adipose tissue because of its chain length d. Can be broken down by the liver and eventually excreted
What does the term angiogenesis refer to?
a. increase in blood flow b. development of new blood vessels c. destruction of arteries d. synthesis of red blood cells e. change in blood pressure
Which of the following substances is/are not used in the food industry to reduce a food's water activity (aw) level?
a. salt and sugar b. glycerol c. propylene glycol d. modified corn syrups e. All of these substances are used by the food industry for this purpose.