As a nurse working in the newborn nursery, you notice an infant who is having circumoral cyanosis. Which CHD do you suspect the child may have? Select all that apply
a. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
b. Tetralogy of Fallot
c. Pulmonary atresia
d. Transposition of the great arteries
e. Ventricular septal defect
B, C, D
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Correct Tetralogy of Fallot is a cyanotic lesion with decreased pulmonary blood
flow. The hypoxia results in baseline oxygen saturations as low as 75% to
85%. Even with oxygen administration, saturations do not reach the
normal range. Pulmonary atresia is a cyanotic lesion with decreased
pulmonary blood flow. The hypoxia results in baseline oxygen saturations
as low as 75% to 85%. Even with oxygen administration, saturations do
not reach the normal range. Transposition of the great arteries is a cyanotic
lesion with increased pulmonary blood flow.
Incorrect PDA is failure of the fetal shunt between the aorta and the pulmonary
artery to close. PDA is not classified as a cyanotic heart disease.
Prostaglandin E1 is often given to maintain ductal patency in children with
cyanotic heart diseases. VSD is the most common type of cardiac defect.
The VSD is a left-to-right shunting defect; however, it may be
accompanied by other defects.
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