Emma is riding the bus and making casual observations about the other passengers. Which of the following observations is an example of Emma’s confirmation bias?
A. A businessman has a busy schedule today because he writes several emails on his phone and has a conversation with his secretary about his schedule.
B. A student is cramming for an exam today because he is studying flashcards and tapping his foot nervously.
C. A mother who scolds her child is a bad parent because she is likely a single mother given that she is not wearing a wedding ring.
D. A nurse with a hot beverage is drinking coffee because her insulated cup is from Starbucks.
Answer: C
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Which of the following is an example of point prevalence?
A. Fifty people had panic attacks in the last year. B. Eighty people in one graduating class were diagnosed with bulimia at some time during the past four years. C. Fifteen percent of the population is currently experiencing symptoms of anxiety. D. Twelve percent of women will suffer from depressive disorder before the age of 30.
Psychologists have conducted research on implicit measures of gender stereotyping. This research shows that people typically respond in a stereotyped fashion
a. on a measure of event-related potential and on the Implicit Association Test. b. on a measure of event-related potential, but not on the Implicit Association Test. c. on the Implicit Association Test, but not on a measure of event-related potential. d. on neither a measure of event-related potential nor on the Implicit Association Test.
In the vertebrate retina, which cells are responsible for lateral inhibition?
a. horizontal cells b. ganglion cells c. bipolar cells d. glial cells
When a behavior occurs and is followed by the presentation of a stimulus that results in a decrease in the behavior in the future, it is referred to as:
a. negative punishment b. positive punishment c. negative reinforcement d. extinction