Paul is coming down with the flu, but he eats spaghetti anyway and subsequently becomes violently ill. A month later he sees that spaghetti is being served in the dining hall and he is overcome by nausea
What type of learning is illustrated by this episode?
a) operant conditioning
b) cognitive learning
c) latent learning
d) classical conditioning
ANS: D, Classical conditioning has been used to explain how an unpleasant reaction to a given food or flavor can lead to a conditioned taste aversion.
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The tendency to mold our interpretation of the past to fit how events actually turned out is called
a. the misinformation effect. b. the serial-position effect. c. hindsight bias. d. the overconfidence effect.
A between-subjects design differs from a within-subjects design in that in a between-subjects design, ____
a. only one group of participants is used b. only variables "between" the participants are examined c. there is a different group of participants for each treatment conditions d. each participant is exposed to each level of the independent variable
In what percent of births in the United States are midwives employed?
A. 75 B. 50 C. 10 D. 5
When we fill in the gaps in memory with logic, guessing, or new information, we are using
a. chunking or recoding. b. elaborative processing. c. eidetic imaging. d. consolidation.