In the case of Whren v.United States (1996), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that even in the absence of any evidence, the police are free to use ________ as a pretext to investigate suspected illegal drug activity.

a. minor traffic violations
b. bus sweeps
c. road blocks
d. random check points


a. minor traffic violations

Criminal Justice

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The U.S. government estimates that no fewer than 700,000 people, mostly women and children, are trafficked each year into the United States

a. True b. False

Criminal Justice

Proactive decisions are a response to a perceived problem the decision maker has a need to resolve.

Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)

Criminal Justice

Which of the following is true of rampage killings?

A. Strong empirical evidence shows that video games lead to rampage killings. B. There is seldom a precipitating factor that leads to the violence. C. Suspects of rampage killings never openly express their violent intent before the event. D. They are premeditated and highly staged or planned.

Criminal Justice

To perform standard/reference hair sampling, the collection of a minimum of _____ full-length head hairs and _____ full-length pubic hairs from the victim is recommended

a. 25; 25 b. 100; 100 c. 20; 20 d. 5; 16

Criminal Justice