How many unique mRNA codons can be constructed from the four different RNA nucleotides?

Elongation of nucleic acids always occurs in the 5' 3' direction

A. true B. false

Small animals such as insects and some lizards are able to “walk on water.” This ability is due

to the

a. strong bonds between oxygen and hydrogen atoms forming the water molecule. b. attraction among different water molecules due to the unequal attraction of electrons of hydrogen and oxygen in individual water molecules. c. bonds that form between two atoms that are oppositely charged. d. strong bonds that form between water molecules due to sharing of electrons in the same orbit.

Which of the following is a product of alcoholic fermentation?

a. oxygen b. FADH 2 c. water d. ethanol

The classification/identification system in the text uses this sequence of characteristics to group viruses:

A) host organism, capsid type, envelope presence/absence B) nucleic acid type, envelope presence/absence, double- vs. single-stranded nucleic acid C) nucleic acid type and strandedness, envelope presence/absence, host organism D) viral size, shape of capsid, host organism