A threat to internal validity due to something that occurs and affects the dependent variable during an experiment, but which is unplanned and outside the control of the experimenter is known as
a. selection bias.
b. history.
c. maturation.
d. testing effect.
e. matching.
b
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Our society's use of due process, involving police, courts, and punishment, to enforce the law. is called
a. the criminal justice system. b. rational-legal authority. c. the normative structure. d. bureaucratic control system.
Many people assume poverty rates are at their highest in rural areas, but they are the highest in __________
A) central cities B) suburbs C) nonmetropolitan areas D) small towns
Discrimination against female students in American schools can be seen in the
a. subtle form of lower expectations for female students in the classroom. b. stereotypes found in much curriculum material. c. tendency for girls to be channeled into traditional sex-stereotyped vocational areas. d. all of the above.
Qualitative researchers seek to analyze which of the following?
a. Numerical data derived from the frequency of particular behaviors b. Statistical associations between variables c. The social meaning people attribute to their experiences and circumstances d. All of the above