It is determined that the client will need pharmacological treatment to assist with the client's sleep patterns. The nurse anticipates that treatment with an anxiety-reducing, relaxa-tion-promoting medication will include the use of:
1. Barbiturates
2. Amphetamines
3. Benzodiazepines
4. Tricyclic antidepressants
ANS: 3
The benzodiazepines cause relaxation, antianxiety, and hypnotic effects by facilitating the action of neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) that suppress responsiveness to stimulation, therefore decreasing levels of arousal. Withdrawal from CNS depressants, such as barbiturates, can cause insomnia and must be managed carefully. Barbiturates can cause tolerance and de-pendence. Central nervous system stimulants, such as amphetamines, should be used sparingly and under medical management. Amphetamine sulfate may be used to treat narcolepsy. Pro-longed use may cause drug dependence. Tricyclic antidepressants can cause insomnia when withdrawn and should be managed carefully. They are used primarily to treat depression.
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