What is humanism, and how was it different than anything seen in western Europe at this time?
What will be an ideal response?
Humanism emphasized the accomplishments and possibilities of humankind, and it countered the traditional cultural position in western Europe, which was dominated by Christian thought and theology until the late Middle Ages. Humankind had long been subordinated to the supremacy of God and the church. The Christian position since the fourth century had emphasized that humans were sinful and in need of divine forgiveness, which could be earned only through contrition. Humanism rediscovered the interest that classical Greek and Rome displayed in the state of humans and the interest pre-Christian Greek and Roman artists, philosophers, scientists, and scholars had in the abilities of humankind. This shift to humanism had a profound influence on the Renaissance world, with its thirst for secular culture as opposed to church-dominated cultural expressions.
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The first permanent English colony was established in the early seventeenth century at
A. Roanoke. B. Massachusetts Bay. C. Plymouth Rock. D. Chesapeake Bay. E. Jamestown.
Before Columbus, trade in slaves in Europe was __________.
A. unknown B. small and insignificant C. widely considered un-Christian D. already a lucrative business
Who was the fourth caliph, and the last of the Rashidun?
a. Uthman b. Ali c. A’isha d. Abu Bakr e. Umar
Most of the new immigrants were rural people, and their adjustment to city life was often painful.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)