The nurse administers a parasympathetic stimulator that only stimulates nicotinic receptors. What effects would the nurse expect to assess? (Select all that apply.)
A) Muscle contraction
B) Slowing heart rate
C) Increased bladder contraction
D) Signs and symptoms of a stress reaction
E) Release of epinephrine from adrenal medulla
A, D, E
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Stimulation of nicotinic receptors causes muscle contractions, autonomic responses such as signs and symptoms of a stress reaction, and release of norepinephrine and epinephrine from the adrenal medulla. Stimulation of muscarinic receptors causes pupil constriction, increased gastrointestinal (GI) motility and secretions (including saliva), increased urinary bladder contraction, and a slowing of the heart rate.
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