The Civil War amendments
a. ensured universal suffrage for all African Americans.
b. did not effectively extend the vote to African Americans.
c. ensured universal suffrage for African American males who owned property.
d. provided universal suffrage for women.
b. did not effectively extend the vote to African Americans.
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The President's control over the bureaucracy is ______.
A. absolute since the Constitution requires the President to ensure the faithful execution of the laws B. limited because institutional realities impose formidable barriers to presidential influence C. weak on matters of domestic policy, but the President's command authority enables him to cut through red tape on matters of foreign policy D. limited by the Supreme Court, which has consistently struck down presidential efforts to exert more top-down authority over the executive branch
Prior to 1937 the Supreme Court's application of "substantive due process" was most often confined to
a. the protection of free enterprise from governmental regulation. b. protection of the rights of women and children. c. preservation of the states against expanding federal power. d. safeguarding the rights of African Americans.
Soft power includes
a. establishing international treaties. c. influencing through coercion. b. influencing through attraction. d. using sticks rather than carrots.
To enter the federal court system, litigants in state cases must
A) first have had their case decided by the highest court in the state. B) ??present a valid constitutional question to be decided by the justices. C) ?simply pay the required fee and file appropriate paperwork. D) have a case to which the federal government is a party. E) ?argue before and be approved by a special master.