A patient asks the nurse about free radicals and how they contribute to illnesses. Which of the following would be the nurse's best response to this patient?
1. "Molecules that are paired are called reduced and cause the molecule to be unstable and cause damage to other cells.".
2. "Molecules that are unpaired are called reduced and cause the molecule to be unstable and cause damage to other cells.".
3. "Free radicals are bad and clog the liver so the liver cannot get rid of body toxins.".
4. "Increasing oxygen consumption eliminates free radicals, so taking deep breaths helps remove them from the body.".
"Molecules that are paired are called reduced and cause the molecule to be unstable and cause damage to other cells.".
Rationale: Molecules that donate electrons and thereby become unpaired are called oxidized. When a molecule gains an electron and is paired, it is called reduced. The reduced molecules are the free radicals. Free radicals are able to react with other molecules to cause damage to other cells. Not all free radicals are bad, so the nurse should not encourage the patient to eliminate free radicals by saying they clog the liver. Increasing oxygen consumption does not impact the number of free radicals.
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