Subtracting government investment from government purchases gives us the amount of government
A) outlays.
B) primary expenditures.
C) secondary spending.
D) consumption expenditures.
D
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So-called fallen angels differ from junk bonds in that
A) junk bonds refer to newly issued bonds with low credit ratings, whereas fallen angels refer to previously issued bonds that have had their credit ratings fall below Baa. B) junk bonds refer to previously issued bonds that have had their credit ratings fall below Baa, whereas fallen angels refer to newly issued bonds with low credit ratings. C) junk bonds have ratings below Baa, whereas fallen angels have ratings below C. D) fallen angels have ratings below Baa, whereas junk bonds have ratings below C.
Which of the following is not a valid criticism of Fogel's (1964) methodology in his study of railroads?
(a) The canal prices used for 1890 were low. (b) The impact of railroads on financial markets is ignored. (c) The nonpecuniary gains from using railroads could have been considered. (d) The amount of land cultivated would have been reduced.
If, for a given disposable income level, the disposable income line lies below the consumption curve, saving:
a. equals consumption. b. equals disposable income. c. is less than zero. d. is equal to zero. e. is greater than zero.
If revenue from a cigarette tax is used to pay for healthcare for people with lung cancer, the cigarette tax may be justified on the basis of
a. the benefits principle. b. the ability-to-pay principle. c. vertical equity. d. horizontal equity.