A child receives one homework pass—a coupon that allows her to skip a homework assignment—for every 10 word problems she completes during class. This is an example of both ___________ reinforcement and a ___________ schedule of reinforcement
A) negative; fixed ratio
B) positive; variable ratio
C) negative; variable ratio
D) positive; fixed interval
Answer: A
Rationale: A homework pass is a negative reinforcer because it increases the behavior that precedes it by removing a stimulus (the homework). The schedule of reinforcement is fixed-ratio, because the reinforcement is delivered after a specific number of responses have been completed, in this case, 10 word problems.
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