The nurse sending a wound culture to the laboratory knows that the purpose of culture and sensitivity testing is to:
1. prevent an infection, a practice called chemoprophylaxis.
2. identify bacteria that have acquired resistance.
3. promote the development of drug-resistant bacterial strains by killing the bacteria sensitive to a drug.
4. determine which antibiotic is most effective against the infecting microorganism.
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: Culture and sensitivity testing does not prevent infections.
Rationale 2: Culture and sensitivity testing indicates resistance but not acquired resistance.
Rationale 3: Culture and sensitivity testing does not assist in the killing of bacteria.
Rationale 4: Culture and sensitivity testing isolates the infectious organism and determines which antibiotic would be most effective against it.
Global Rationale: Specimens such as urine, sputum, blood, or pus are examined in the laboratory for the purpose of isolating and identifying specific pathogens. After isolation, the microbe is exposed in the laboratory to different antibiotics to determine the most effective ones. This process of isolating the infectious organism and identifying the most effective antibiotic is called culture and sensitivity (C&S) testing.
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