What was a significant characteristic of Alfred Adler's approach to psychotherapy?
a. Adler focused on exploring and altering maladaptive lifestyles.
b. Adler used homework and modeling as ways to help clients become aware of their lifestyle.
c. Adler focused more on the social and relational aspects of psychopathology and less on intrapsychic conflicts.
d. all of the above
d
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Jeremy and Bianca have been married for many years. They enjoy traveling to places in which they can explore the landscape by hiking, climbing, and canoeing. What factor best explains why this activity has helped maintain their relationship over time?
a. ?openness and self-disclosure b. ?engaging in novel and exciting activities c. ?provision of reassurance d. ?communication
Eye tracking studies investigating attention as we carry out actions such as making a peanut butter sandwich shows that a person's eye movements
a. usually followed a motor action by a fraction of a second. b. were influenced by unusual objects placed in the scene. c. were determined primarily by the task. d. continually scanned all objects and areas of the scene.
In an experiment, a rat was placed on a small platform. When this rat stepped down to the floor, it received a painful electric shock. After one shock, this rat would not step down to the floor when placed on the platform. A second rat also stepped down to the floor from the platform and received a painful shock but was immediately administered an electroconvulsive shock (ECS) to its brain. How
did the ECS affect this second rat's behavior? a. The second rat, like the first, would never step down to the floor out of fear of the painful shock. b. The second rat actually sought out the painful shock because the ECS caused an endorphin "rush" that resulted in the rat becoming addicted to the pain. c. The second rat stepped down over and over again because the ECS wiped out the memories of the painful shock by interrupting consolidation. d. The second rat did not show fear of the shock from touching the floor but did show fear when the researcher attempted to administer the ECS again.
Which of the following procedures would be the best to use if you wanted to reduce the fear or anxiety associated with public speaking, entering darkened rooms, asking questions in large classes, heights, talking to members of the opposite sex, and taking tests?
a. covert sensitization. b. covert reinforcement. c. self-directed desensitization. d. thought stopping.