The Enlightenment, a European intellectual movement of the 18th century, prized ____
a. superstition over rational thought
b. rational thought over superstition
c. traditional authority over rational thought
d. rational thought over traditional authority
D
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Which of the following provides evidence that nature, as opposed to nurture, plays an important role in infant perceptual development?
a. Infants are born with a tendency to track moving objects and to scan the horizon. b. Failure to receive adequate sensory stimulation can result in sensory deficits. c. Infants who have one eye patched for an extensive period of time may develop impaired visual acuity. d. There is no evidence that nature plays a role in infant perceptual development.
Differential reinforcement refers to the
a. strengthening of target behaviors. b. punishment of competing behaviors. c. acceleration of other behaviors. d. the observation of reinforced models.
According to Melissa Hines and her colleagues (2015), human female embryos and fetuses who have been exposed prenatally to higher-than-typical concentrations of male sex hormones:
A) show a decreased likelihood of developing a lesbian sexual orientation. B) demonstrate an increased likelihood of developing a heterosexual orientation. C) do not demonstrate a conflict in gender identity. D) show increased male-stereotyped play during childhood.
Scott is very convinced that all Jewish individuals are very cheap, and he is not afraid to share his views with other people. As he drives to the hospital to visit a cousin who has recently had surgery,
he remains completely oblivious to the fact that his cousin is staying in the "Steinberg Cancer Center," which was made possible by the donation of a Jewish family. Scott's tendency to ignore evidence that contradicts his beliefs while actively seeking out information to support them is called the __________ bias. a. availability b. sustenance c. representative d. confirmation