A study compared sprint performances of two groups of four male athletes aged 20-24. One group consumed caffeine 30 minutes prior to racing and the other did not. The study found a difference in sprint performance between the groups and noted that those who consumed caffeine had faster sprint performances than those without caffeine. They noted the results had a statistical significance of "p < .05." As a track coach for the women's 100-400-meter runners, what is your conclusion after reading this study?
A. There is a statistically significant chance that these results occurred by chance and had nothing to do with the caffeine consumption.
B. These results conclusively prove that caffeine causes faster sprint performance
C. This study has no relevance for my situation.
D. There is a statistically significant chance that these results occurred due to the consumption of caffeine
Answer: D
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