A female patient taking phenytoin (Dilantin) is considering becoming pregnant. Which of the following statements correctly describes distribution of the drug to the fetus?
a. It crosses the placenta and enters breast milk.
b. It crosses the placenta but does not enter breast milk.
c. It does not cross the placenta but enters breast milk.
d. It does not cross the placenta or enter breast milk.
ANS: A
The hydantoins cross the placenta and enter breast milk. Fetal hydantoin syndrome is possible with phenytoin, producing craniofacial abnormalities, congenital heart defects, and microcephaly, among other birth defects.
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