During an interview, the client states, "I feel so guilty, and I'm so ashamed of what I did." The nurse interprets this as which of the following?
A) Negative emotion
B) Positive emotion
C) Borderline emotion
D) Nonemotion
Ans: A
Negative emotions occur when there is a threat to, delay in, or thwarting of a goal or a conflict between goals; these emotions include anger, fright, anxiety, guilt, shame, sadness, envy, jealousy, and disgust. Positive emotions occur when there is movement toward, or attainment of, a goal; examples include happiness, pride, relief, and love. Borderline emotions are somewhat ambiguous and include hope, compassion, empathy, sympathy, and contentment. Nonemotions connote emotional reactions but are too ambiguous to fit into any of the preceding categories; these include confidence, awe, confusion, and excitement.
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