A nurse is assessing a child and notes Koplik spots. In which of these communicable diseases are Koplik spots present?
a. Rubella
b. Measles (rubeola)
c. Chickenpox (varicella)
d. Exanthema subitum (roseola)
ANS: B
Koplik spots are small irregular red spots with a minute, bluish white center found on the buccal mucosa 2 days before systemic rash. Rubella occurs with rash on the face, which rapidly spreads downward. Varicella appears with highly pruritic macules, followed by papules and vesicles. Roseola is seen with rose-pink macules on the trunk, spreading to face and extremities.
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