A girl learns that whenever her brother shares his cookie with her, her mother gives him a piece of candy
The girl starts sharing her treats with her friends when they come over in the hopes of getting a similar reward. The girl's learning to share is an example of _____
a) classical conditioning.
b) operant conditioning.
c) contingency theory.
d) observational learning.
Answer: d
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Thomas describes himself as an open and relaxed individual, but people who know him well would describe Thomas as secretive and tense. According to Carl Rogers, Thomas is likely to
a. experience incongruence. b. be low in self-monitoring. c. experience congruence. d. be low in self-efficacy.
When an old piece of information interferes with your ability to learn something new, this memory problem is called ____________ interference
a. proactive c. informational b. retroactive d. incidental
Why are modern researchers less convinced that gender-related differences in cognition and behavior have a physiological basis?
A. Males and females no longer differ much in mathematical abilities, although boys are still overrepresented at the lower and higher extremes. B. These differences have increased over time due to changes in gender roles. C. Murder rates are the same in different countries, showing that males are generally more aggressive than females. D. Males and females now have the same levels of aggression.
What is locus of control?
a. How individuals attribute their successes and failures b. Focusing on internal rewards when completing tasks c. Belief in one’s own ability to successfully complete a task d. The ability to persist