Define critical periods during pregnancy and explain their importance in embryonic/fetal development
Critical periods during pregnancy are those pre-programmed time periods during embryonic and fetal development when specific cells, organs, and tissues are formed and integrated, or functional levels established. They are most intense during the first 2 months after conception, when a majority of organs and tissues begin to form. On the whole, critical periods represent a "one-way street," because it is not possible to reverse directions and correct errors in growth or development that occurred during a previous critical period. Consequently, adverse effects of nutritional and other insults occurring during critical periods of growth and development persist throughout life.
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