Which is the first model to be conceptualized as a way to understand alcoholism and has since been applied to the general field of addictions?
a. Social learning model
b. Biopsychosocial model
c. The disease model
d. Direct observation method
c. The disease model
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In counseling young children it is helpful to use
A. opportunities that will generate many ideas. B. some form of play. C. tasks that will help form socialization skills. D. snack breaks so that they will not be hungry.
Within the systems approach, a distinction is made between ___________ and ______________ which influenced systemic practices into those that lean more toward finding an objective truth and those in which counselor and client coconstruct rules for establishing truth
a. first-order change; second-order change b. modernism; post-modernism c. first-order cybernetics; second-order cybernetics d. social constructivism; individual constructivism
__________refers to “the negative regard, inferior status, and relative powerlessness” that are attached to “non-heterosexual behaviors, identity, relationships, or communities.”
a. Hetero-stigma b. Sexual stigma c. Heteronormativity d. Sexual orientation
Confrontation is used more often in the _______ stage of the group than in other group stages.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).