The nurse is providing education to a client who will begin birth control pills. Which statements are correct regarding how birth control pills work? (Select all that apply.)
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
1. They decrease blood flow to the ovaries.
2. They do not allow the egg to mature.
3. They prevent ovulation.
4. They make the lining of the uterus less favorable to receiving an embryo.
5. They cause permanent sterilization.
Correct Answer: 2, 3, 4
Rationale 1: Decrease blood flow to the ovaries is incorrect because this is not a mechanism of action of estrogen and progestin.
Rationale 2: The estrogen–progestin oral contraceptives prevent ovulation, which is required for conception to occur. These hormones act by providing negative feedback to the pituitary that shuts down secretion of LH and FSH. Without these pituitary hormones, the egg cannot mature, and ovulation is prevented. The estrogen–progestin agents also make the lining of the uterus less favorable to receiving an embryo.
Rationale 3: The estrogen–progestin oral contraceptives prevent ovulation, which is required for conception to occur. These hormones act by providing negative feedback to the pituitary that shuts down secretion of LH and FSH. Without these pituitary hormones, the egg cannot mature, and ovulation is prevented. The estrogen–progestin agents also make the lining of the uterus less favorable to receiving an embryo.
Rationale 4: The estrogen–progestin oral contraceptives prevent ovulation, which is required for conception to occur. These hormones act by providing negative feedback to the pituitary that shuts down secretion of LH and FSH. Without these pituitary hormones, the egg cannot mature, and ovulation is prevented. The estrogen–progestin agents also make the lining of the uterus less favorable to receiving an embryo.
Rationale 5: They cause permanent sterilization is incorrect because this is not a mechanism of action for estrogen and progestin.
Global Rationale: The estrogen—progestin oral contraceptives prevent ovulation, which is required for conception to occur. These hormones act by providing negative feedback to the pituitary that shuts down secretion of LH and FSH. Without these pituitary hormones, the egg cannot mature, and ovulation is prevented. The estrogen—progestin agents also make the lining of the uterus less favorable to receiving an embryo. Decrease blood flow to the ovaries is incorrect because this is not a mechanism of action of estrogen and progestin. They cause permanent sterilization is incorrect because this is not a mechanism of action for estrogen and progestin.
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