Which of the following is true of assessment of the vascular system in the elderly?

Question

A) Fewer than one third of patients with peripheral vascular disease have symptoms of claudication.
B) An aortic width of 2.5 cm is abnormal.
C) Bruits are commonly benign findings.
D) Orthostatic blood pressure and pulse are not useful in this population.

Answer 1

A) Fewer than one third of patients with peripheral vascular disease have symptoms of claudication.

It is the minority of patients with peripheral vascular disease who experience claudication; therefore, ankle–brachial ratios should be performed more frequently. The aorta should be 3 cm or less. Bruits usually indicate pathology, and even when there is not a significant blockage, the risk of vascular disease throughout the body is increased. Orthostatic vital signs are very useful in this population. Remember to observe the pulse as well, as failure of the heart to increase its rate is a common cause of orthostatic hypotension. This can occur as a result of autonomic neuropathy or medications such as beta-blockers, among other causes.