When a child with diabetes is sick, which is the most appropriate intervention to teach the patient and parents?
1. The usual dose of insulin may need to be adjusted to compensate for food intake.
2. Test blood glucose levels only if urine ketones are positive.
3. Maintain fluid intake, avoiding fluids that contain dairy products.
4. Only test for urine ketones when the blood glucose is above 300 ng/dL.
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1. Illness, such as a cold, the flu, or infections can cause an elevation in blood glucose levels due to the stress on the body. As a result of elevated glucose levels, the dose of insulin will have to be adjusted to meet the demands of lowering blood glucose levels that may reach high levels until the illness subsides. The urine should be tested 2 to 3 times per day for ketones, even if the blood sugar levels are lower than 300 ng/dL.
2. Blood glucose levels should be continuously monitored when a child is sick.
3. The patient should have a high fluid intake that includes dairy products.
4. The urine should be tested 2 to 3 times per day for ketones, even if the blood sugar levels are lower than 300 ng/dL.
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