The nurse coming on shift is taking a report on four patients. What patient does the nurse know is at the greatest risk of developing end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?
A) History of polycystic kidney disease
B) Diabetes mellitus with poorly controlled hypertension
C) History of vascular disorders
D) History of respiratory infections
Ans: B
Feedback: Systemic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus (leading cause); hypertension; chronic glomerulonephritis; pyelonephritis; obstruction of the urinary tract; hereditary lesions, such as in polycystic kidney disease; vascular disorders; infections; medications; or toxic agents may cause ESRD. A patient with more than one of these risk factors is at the greatest risk for developing ESRD. Therefore options A, C, and D are incorrect.
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