In Russia, Ivan Pavlov discovered conditioning
a. vicarious
b. operant
c. classical
d. cognitive
ANSWER: c
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Dr. Sheffield has found that forcing his patients to take medication has caused a problem with being able to treat them effectively. This problem is likely to be that ____
a. patients who are forced to take medication tend to become overmedicated and can't focus on therapy b. he becomes so exhausted from forcing treatment on the patients that his own personal resources become depleted and he can't focus on their therapy c. it is illegal in all cases to force treatment on anyone who is unwilling to embrace it d. patients who are forced into treatment resist it, which nullifies the potentially beneficial effects of therapy
Nonexperimental studies always contain a threat to internal validity, which means that these studies cannot establish unambiguous cause-and-effect relationships
a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Unlike Jean Piaget, Lev Vygotsky viewed cognitive development as a __________ process
A) socially mediated B) genetically predictable C) preoperational D) neurological
State cases will come under the jurisdiction of the federal courts
A. if the plaintiff and defendant in the case are from different states. B. if the plaintiff and defendant are from the same state, but chOose to havetheir case heard in a federal court C. when the federal courts choose certain cases to hear at their discretion. D. none of the above