The nitrogen cycle is a series of chemical transformations, which makes it relatively insensitive to environmental conditions such as temperature and moisture
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
FALSE
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Which of the following is true in the fern life cycle?
a. Gametophytes originate within and are dependent upon sporophytes b. Sporophytes originate within and are dependent upon gametophytes c. Both gametophytes and sporophytes are totally independent from each other and are equally dominant d. Gametophytes are free-living and photosynthetic, but are replaced by a dominant sporophyte generation e. Gametophytes are photosynthetic and partially independent from the sporophytes
The mRNA is translated in the 3? to 5? direction in
A) bacteria. B) eukaryotes. C) archaea. D) eukaryotes, bacteria, and archaea. E) None of these.
Endosymbiosis is an evolutionary theory that explains the origin of eukaryotes and suggests a specific order in which this might have occurred. Ancestral cells engulfed and then began to use the metabolic processes of the smaller cells
Based on shared core processes and features, which statement most accurately describes the order, the theory and the evolutionary implications for all organisms within domain Eukarya? A) Ancestral heterotrophic eukaryotes most likely engulfed both a heterotrophic and an autotrophic prokaryote, whereas ancestral photosynthetic eukaryotes probably provided the host cell for the first mitochondria. Over time, natural selection favored these relationships and these cells became ancestors of all eukaryotes. B) All ancestral eukaryotes would have most likely consumed a nucleus-like prokaryote that eventually became the eukaryotic nucleus. These new eukaryotic cells would have had an advantage over prokaryotic cells by acquiring a nuclear command center for regulating cellular activities. C) As carbon dioxide levels were increasing over time, natural selection would have favored organisms that acquired a photosynthetic prokaryote to convert carbon dioxide into sugars. These would have likely been the first eukaryotic cells. At which point, these ancestral cells engulfed mitochondria-like prokaryotes that would have provided an even greater advantage for cells in this environment. D) As Earth was becoming more aerobic, mitochondria would have provided an advantage to host cells by converting "toxic" oxygen into energy for heterotrophic cells. Since mitochondria are found in all eukaryotes, these combinations likely evolved first. Photosynthetic eukaryotes probably acquired an autotrophic prokaryote, which developed an advantageous symbiotic relationship with the host cell.
Polypeptide chains are synthesized from _____ instructions by _____.
A) mRNA, ribosomes B) mRA, lysosomes C) tRNA, DNA D) tRNA, ATP