What are some ways in which the teacher can support the writing of young students?
What will be an ideal response?
• Shadow writing: Student dictates a label or sentence for a drawing. The teacher writes the student's dictation in yellow highlighter. The student then says the words and traces the letters.
• Language experience: Students discuss an experience they have had and then dictate a story about the experience, which the teacher scribes. With the teacher's help, students read and reread the story.
• Shared writing: A form of language experience in which teacher and students take part in composing, scribing, and reading a piece of writing. In a form of shared writing known as interactive shared writing students assist with the actual scribing of the story.
• Individual interactive writing: A form of shared writing in which teachers invite students to dictate stories that are based on a particular word.
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a. random assignment b. randomized matching c. homogeneous selection d. analysis of covariance e. use of subjects as their own controls
In Personam taxes are
a. taxes on personams. b. taxes on people. c. taxes supporting Federal wildlife. d. taxes supporting the environment. e. taxes to pay for condemning property.
A consequence is considered to be reinforcing or punishing based on
a. the operational definition. b. the behavioral objective. c. the effect on behavior. d. the intended effect on behavior.
Current research on behavior problems and students with learning disabilities indicates that _____
A) they engage in more risk-taking behaviors B) they are immature and over dependent on adults C) their negative behaviors are caused by hyperactivity D) their negative behaviors are caused by academic deficits