A patient refuses to participate in a research study for an experimental medication. The nurse accepts this patient's decision as exercising which of the following ethical principles?
1. Respect for persons
2. Beneficence
3. Justice
4. Informed consent
Respect for persons
Rationale: Inherent in the principle of respect for persons are the concepts of autonomy, dignity, uniqueness, freedom, and choice. This principle forms the foundation of the participants' rights to informed consent, privacy, and confidentiality, and involves respecting people's autonomy or right to choose freely for themselves. In regard to ethical research, the principle of beneficence means the duty to promote or do good in addition to doing no harm. The principle of justice means that people are treated fairly. The patient refused to participate, which is a part of the ethical principle of respect for persons.
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