The nurse best describes the function of the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) to the wife of a client who has "been forgetting things lately" by stating:
1. "The test has a few questions that are used to thoroughly assess your husband's mental status.".
2. "It's a test that will help us determine why he is getting forgetful.".
3. "The test has a few simple questions that will test him for dementia.".
4. "Being forgetful isn't unusual, but this test will rule out any serious problems.".
"The test has a few questions that are used to thoroughly assess your husband's mental status.".
Rationale: The Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) is a tool that systematically assesses a client's orientation, language, memory, writing skills, ability to follow commands, ability to make calculations, and degree of constructional abilities. The MMSE evaluates more than just forgetfulness. The examination is not designed to identify causes of cognitive dysfunction. It is insensitive to suggest the client is experiencing dementia at this point in the assessment process.
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1. Ask the client if she is menstruating. 2. Examine the client for breast buds. 3. Report the findings to the healthcare provider. 4. Document the findings as abnormal.
A definitive diagnosis of pulmonary embolism can be made by:
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Nursing research has been expanding as opportunities for graduate education in nursing increases. Which of the following is true regarding primary research roles by education level?
a. The associate-degree nurse is qualified to share research finding with colleagues. b. The baccalaureate-degree nurse may read, interpret, and evaluate research for its ap-plication to nursing practice. c. Nurses prepared at the master's level pro-vide leadership in conducting independent investigations in nursing. d. The doctoral-prepared nurse assists others in applying scientific knowledge in nurs-ing practice.