A researcher hypothesizes that women will display greater willingness to help than men in certain situations. While conducting the study, she unconsciously encourages women to be helpful by smiling, nodding,
and making more eye contact with them than with men. This is an example of
a. demand characteristics
b. the reverse-causality problem
c. experimenter bias
d. low external validity
Answer: C
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Joan is 45 years old and feels hot while sitting at her desk. Her face turns red, she begins to sweat, and then she feels chills. Joan is experiencing __________.
A. "hot flashes" B. a stroke C. menopause D. dyspepsia
Elementary school children in the U.S. grow, on average, __________ a year.
A. 2 to 3 inches B. 4 to 5 inches C. 1 to 2 inches D. 3 to 4 inches
Structuralism is to __________ as functionalism is to __________
a. the elements of consciousness; the purpose of consciousness b. introspection; the consequences of behavior c. the purpose of consciousness; the elements of consciousness d. the physiological basis of behavior; the evolutionary basis of behavior e. unnobservable behavior; consciousness
Michael was prescribed a traditional antihistamine in order to treat his allergies after he had a bad reaction to more modern antihistamines. The traditional antihistamine was helpful in reducing his allergy symptoms, but he
A. suffered from serious insomnia. B. had trouble staying awake in his classes. C. became very depressed and woke frequently throughout the night after restless dreams. D. did not experience normal REM paralysis, and he hurt himself walking around his apartment in his sleep.