Factor analysis is used to
a. examine the effects of factors on group means
b. analyze data from factorial designs
c. examine the underlying structure of a set of variables
d. test the correlation between two sets of variables
e. all of the above
c
You might also like to view...
During which developmental period do most people become aware of the gradual changes in their bodies that characterize the aging process?
A. early adulthood B. middle adulthood C. late adulthood D. emerging adolescence adulthood
In a clever experiment, Edward Chace Tolman placed rats at the entrance of a maze and recorded how long it took them to arrive at the end of the maze. Some rats were rewarded with food each time they reached the end, other rats were never rewarded, and a third group was rewarded only after the 11th day of training. Starting on the 12th day, this last group ran through the maze just as quickly as the first group that had been rewarded consistently for its performance. How did Tolman explain this surprising outcome?
A. Even in the absence of direct reinforcement, rats in the third group had formed a cognitive map of the maze, allowing them to navigate it quickly after reinforcement was introduced. B. Rats in the third group were simply smarter than rats in the other two groups, and therefore quickly learned the maze after reinforcement took place. C. Rats in the first group had become bored with the continuous reinforcement; their slower speeds made it appear as though rats in the third group had learned quickly. D. Rats in the third group had the opportunity to observe the performance of rats in the first group, and therefore knew that reinforcement would eventually be coming.
In research conducted by Pope and McNally (2002), participants diagnosed with repetitive-stress injury (RSI) were placed in one of three groups: no treatment (the no-treatment group); a magnetized wristband (the magnet group); and, unbeknownst to the participants and the researcher, a wristband with the magnet removed (the sham group). On a post-test, the sham group performed as well as those in the magnet group. What might explain the results of the study?
A. The placebo effect B. The double-blind effect C. The nocebo effect D. The magnetization effect
Suppose that you decide to adopt the advice suggested in the discussion of writing in Chapter 10. You are likely to write a better paper if you
a. generate sentences prior to the prewriting phase. b. construct a written outline before beginning. c. make certain that the stages in writing do not overlap with each other. d. try to avoid using the active-voice form of every verb.