While discussing carbon dioxide transport within the body, the instructor asks, "What enzyme helps carbon dioxide with water to form bicarbonate?" Which student response is correct?
A) Dihydrofolate reductase
B) Orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase
C) Neuraminidase
D) Carbonic anhydrase
Ans: D
Feedback:
Most of the carbon dioxide diffuses into the red blood cells, where it either forms carbonic acid or combines with hemoglobin. Carbonic acid (H2CO3) is formed when carbon dioxide combines with water (CO2 + H2O = H+ + HCO3–). The process is catalyzed by an enzyme called carbonic anhydrase, which is present in large quantities in red blood cells. Carbonic anhydrase increases the rate of the reaction between carbon dioxide and water approximately 5000-fold. Carbonic acid readily ionizes to form bicarbonate (HCO3–) and hydrogen (H+) ions.
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