Which of the following statements made by the client with CAD serves to alert the nurse that the client may be experiencing difficulty in adapting to the illness?
A. "I usually wait about 2 hours after I feel chest discomfort before calling my doc-tor to be sure it is really angina."
B. "I know I will have some chest discomfort with some activities, so I carry my ni-troglycerin with me at all times."
C. "When I was in the hospital last time for my heart attack, I felt afraid."
D. "I feel a little anxious whenever I get chest discomfort."
A
Although fear and anxiety are common reactions to CAD, the nurse should stress that denial of symptoms can result in harm to the client, and such symptoms need to be reported and treatment instituted immediately to avoid myocardial damage or death.
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A patient is admitted to the emergency department (ED) in respiratory distress. The results of his first arterial blood gases were pH = 7.30; PCO2 = 40; HCO3 = 19 mEq/L; PO2 = 80
The nurse evaluates the patient's treatment plan by examining repeat arterial blood gases (ABGs). The results are pH = 7.38; PCO2 = 32; HCO3 = 19 mEq/L. The nurse concludes which of the following? a. Respiratory acidosis; the treatment plan is ineffective. b. Metabolic alkalosis; the treatment plan is effective. c. Partial compensation; the treatment plan is ineffective. d. Complete compensation; the treatment plan is effective.
The nurse recommends a breathing technique to help a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to empty the lungs of used air and to promote inhalation of adequate oxygen. This method of breathing is:
a. pursed-lip breathing. b. increased inspiration. c. vital capacity. d. decreased expiration.
A patient who has severe pain associated with terminal pancreatic cancer is being cared for at home by family members. Which finding by the nurse indicates that teaching regarding pain management has been effective?
a. The patient uses the ordered opioid pain medication whenever the pain is greater than 5 (0 to 10 scale). b. The patient agrees to take the medications by the IV route in order to improve analgesic effectiveness. c. The patient takes opioids around the clock on a regular schedule and uses additional doses when breakthrough pain occurs. d. The patient states that nonopioid analgesics may be used when the maximal dose of the opioid is reached without adequate pain relief.
Which of the following symptoms must be present during a major depressive episode?
a. fatigue or loss of energy b. loss of interest in previously enjoyable activities c. sleep disturbance for at least 1 month d. difficulty making minor day-to-day decisions